Nevertheless, the psychometric properties of the scale have not yet been examined in clinical samples with anxiety, depressive, and adjustment. Manual for the positive and negative affect schedule, is a 60item, expanded version of the panas. The panas is a reliable and valid measure of the constructs it was. This scale consists of a number of words that describe different feelings and emotions. Pallant provided as part of the web material to accompany the. Brief panss to assess and monitor the overall severity of.
The scales are shown to be highly internally consistent, largely uncorrelated, and stable at appropriate levels over. Exploratory factor analyses efa, indicated that the panas consists in a structure with two largely uncorrelated factors. Indicate to what extent you have felt this way during the past month. Method participants the sample consisted of 439 adults, ranging in age from 18 to 82 years m37, sd. Fear, sadness, guilt, hostility, shyness, fatigue, surprise, joviality, selfassurance. The panasx manual for the positive and negative affect.
Positive and negative affect schedule panas lee kum. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54, 10631070. Subsequent research has been conducted across different populations and languages of the scale, using state or trait timeframe directions i. In order to assess validity and item properties item response theory paradigm, this is study administered panas to 354 respondents, 115 male and 239 female subjects, with an average age of 29. The panasc asks children to report on a 5point likert scale, from 1 very slightly or not at all, to 5 extremely how. Each item is rated on a 5point scale of 1 not at all to 5 very much. The panas is the most widely and frequently used scale to assess pa and na. The panasx psychological and brain sciences the university. A qualitative study n 18 and then an exploratory quantitative study n 407, each using informants from a range of cultural backgrounds, were used to identify systematically which 10 of the original 20 panas items to retain or remove.
No further reproduction or distribution of this material is permitted without the written permission of the american psychological association. A viable alternative measure of positive and negative affect is the panas watson, clark, and tellegen 1988, which appears to distinguish clearly between these two emotional dimensions of subjective wellbeing. Factor structure of the positive and negative affect. To fill the need for reliable and valid positive affect. We then describe the development of the specific affect panas x scales, and present data supporting their reliability and validity. Positive and negative affect have been shown to relate to other personality states and traits, such as anxiety. Despite the advantages that item response theory irt offers relative to classical test theory with respect to shortening test instruments, no studies to date. For example, the satisfaction with life scale formed a unitary factor, as it does in the u. International positive and negative affect schedule short. The relationship of positive and negative perfectionism to. To obtain the score for the positive affect pa scale, add the raw scores for the 12 items that compose the pa scale. Tellegen, journaljournal of personality and social psychology. The high extreme of each dimension indicates the experience of affect, while the low end represents a lack. The subjects were asked to rate on a 5point scale the.
Pdf the 10item positive and negative affect schedule. The full positive and negative affect schedule panas is a 20item bidimensional scale authored by watson et al. In order to evaluate the psychometric properties, the panas h was administered on a relatively heterogeneous sample of 179. A number of mood scales have been created to measure these factors. Development and validation of brief measures of positive. Mood states assessed include afraid, scared, frightened, nervous, jittery, and shaky. Panas scales, and present their basic reliability and validity data the interested reader is referred to watson et al. The panas has been validated in several languages, and it has shown excellent psychometric properties in the general population and some clinical samples, such as forensic samples, substance users, and adult women with fibromyalgia.
Positive and negative affect is a relevant facet of wellbeing for communitydwelling older adults. Panas questionnaire template fill online, printable. Measures of general affect edit edit source panas x edit edit source. Psychometric data concerning the positive and negative. Show significant convergent and discriminate validity when correlated with peerjudgments. This scale consists of a number of words and phrases that describe different feelings and emotions. The reliability of the panas was high, and the pattern of relationships between the panas and the dass and hads were consistent with tripartite theory. Any further use requires additional apa permission. A multinational community survey with data from the odin study. Different phytonutrient product aromas were discriminated on their panas emotional profiles, and on both positive pa and negative na dimensions. To fill the need for reliable and valid positive affect and negative affect scales that are also brief and easy to administer, we developed two 10item mood scales that comprise the positive and negative affect schedule panas.
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and. The panas was designed to measure affect in various contexts such as at the present moment, the past day, week, or year, or in general. Further observations showed that panas x scales are. Indicate to what extent you feel this way right now.
May 16, 2017 the full positive and negative affect schedule panas is a 20item bidimensional scale authored by watson et al. Panasx this scale consists of a number of words and phrases that. This questionnaire not only measures the two original higher order scales pa positive affect and na negative affect, but also 11 specific affects. Panas gen this scale consists of a number of words that describe different feelings and emotions. The positive and negative affect scale panas was used to measure levels of positive and negative affect. One scale measures a persons positive emotion and the other scale measures the negative.
Participants completing the panas are asked to rate the extent to which they experienced each out of 20 emotions on a 5point likert scale ranging from very slightly to very much. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54 6, 1063. A global study using panas pa and na scales to measure. The positive affect negative affect schedule panas is a psychometric scale developed to measure the largely independent constructs of positive and negative affect both as states and traits.
Pdf the panas scales of positive and negative affect. This activity is intended for topss members for use in their classes. Ten descriptors are used for each pa scale and na to. The positive and negative affect schedule panas is a selfreport questionnaire that consists of two 10item scales to measure both positive and negative affect. Manual for the positive and negative affect scheduleexpanded form find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. These factors have been identified in both intraand interindividual analyses, and they emerge consistently across diverse descriptor sets, time frames, response formats, languages, and cultures. The positive and negative affect schedule or panas is a scale that consists of different. Factor structure of the positive and negative affect schedule. So far i have gotten the important things i want in life. The brief mood introspection scale bmis personality. The scale can yield measures of overall pleasantunpleasant mood, arousalcalm mood, and it also can be scored according to positivetired and negativecalm mood. Participants may be asked how they feel right now or during longer periods of time e.
In addition to the two original higher order scales, the panas x measures 11 specific affects. Even though some affect measures contain variations that allow assessment of basic predispositions to. Read each item and then check the appropriate answer in the columns to the right. Respondents rate how they are feeling for each adjective on a 5point likerttype scale ranging from 1 very slightly to 5 extremely. Read each item and then mark the appropriate answer in the space next to that word. The depression, anxiety and stress scale dass was used to measure levels of depression, anxiety and stress. This scale consists of a number of words that describe different feelings. Participants of this study included 423 university students from two national cultures. Both the full and shortform panas use a 5point interval measure response format, and.
Shame and dissociation in survivors of high and low betrayal. View development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect the panas scales. In recent studies of the structure of affect, positive and negative affect have consistently emerged as two dominant and relatively independent dimensions. This scale consists of a total of 30 items including seven positive syndrome items, seven negative syndrome items, and 16 comprehensive pathological items, and the severity of each item is rated on a scale. Positive affect negative affect scale panas springerlink. Affect measures measures of affect or measures of emotion are used in the study of human affect including emotions and mood, and refer to measures obtained from selfreport studies asking participants to quantify their current feelings or average feelings over a longer period of time. The panas is widely used tool for assessment of positive and negative affect in clinical as well as nonclinical setting and has also been used as a differential diagnostic.
Shame and dissociation in survivors of high and low. Table 3 presents basic descriptive statistics for the general. Feb 10, 2020 the positive and negative affect schedule panas is the most widely and frequently used scale to assess positive and negative affect. Refreshing slots provided to the composite pdf file of pdf. Pdf development and validation of brief measures of. The list is split up into two segments, or mood scales.
The mood questionnaire consisted of a single page with the 60 zevon and tellegen 1982 descriptors arrayed in various orders. Positive affect and negative affect scales for these different time. The relationship of positive and negative perfectionism. The exact instructions may vary according to the purpose of the study.
Scores can range from 10 50, with lower scores representinglower levels of negative affect. Panas x this scale consists of a number of words and phrases that describe different feelings and emotions. Indicate to what extent you generally feel this way, that is how you feel on average. The positive and negative affect schedule panas comprises two mood scales, one that measures positive affect and the other which measures negative affect. Add the scores on items 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 15, 18, and 20. Positive and negative affect schedule panas springerlink. Online pdfresize helps you change the page size of your pdf and, at the same time, maintain the proportions by scaling the contents as well. The panas scale with 20items and the short panas scale with 10items are largely consistent in the results. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect. The clinical global impression of improvement cgii and the patient global impression of improvement pgii were also administered at endpoint.
If you would like to know more about spane and its related research, please read the following papers, whose references are below. Pdf the 10item positive and negative affect schedule for. This scale consists of a total of 30 items including seven positive syndrome items, seven negative syndrome items, and 16 comprehensive pathological items, and the severity of each item is rated on a scale from 1 none to 7 most severe. This brief scale is comprised of 20 items, with 10 items measuring positive affect e. Unfortunately, however, only younger samples have served as subjects in research on the panas. Validation of the italian versions of the flourishing scale. The full positive and negative affect schedule panas is a 20item.
Persons are related to the composite questionnaire pdf downloads, and spanish version panas scales of brief questionnaire pdf. Vazquezbarquero jl, casey p, wilkinson g, ayusomateos jl, page h, dunn g. Pdf an examination of the psychometric properties of. An examination of the psychometric properties of measures of negative affect in the panas x scales october 1993 journal of personality and social psychology 654. Both the full and shortform panas use a 5point interval measure response format, and both can be used to assess both trait and state affect. Dec 24, 2010 the reliability of the panas was high, and the pattern of relationships between the panas and the dass and hads were consistent with tripartite theory. The positive and negative affect schedule for children panas cp. Positive and negative affect scale panas all about ux. The original panas scale was designed by watson et al. The panas scale or positive and negative affect schedule panas is a selfreport questionnaire. The measure consists of 20 items 10 which measure positive affect and 10 that measure negative affect and takes less than 5 minutes to complete. The panas is a reliable and valid measure of the constructs it was intended to assess, although the hypothesis of complete independence between pa and na must be rejected. Consisted of the panas scales of use of day, and difficulties questionnaire. If you allow us to do so, we also inform our social media, advertising and analysis partners about your use of our website.
The positive and negative affect schedule panas is a selfreport measure that is made up of two mood scales, one measuring positive affect and the other measuring negative affect. The cope was used to measure the use of functional and dysfunctional coping strategies. The expanded version of panas is called panas x and includes 60 items. Record the child or adolescents rating for each item in the appropriate blank. A rising score represents a greater tendency toward life satisfaction.
These papers can be found on the reprint page at uiuc. Pdf on jan 1, 1999, david watson and others published the panas x. Background the present paper reports the development and psychometric evaluation of a hindi version of the positivenegative affect schedule panas originally developed in english by watson, clark, and tellegen 1988. Overview of the brief mood introspection scale the bmis scale is an opensource mood scale consisting of 16 moodadjectives to which a person responds e. Each segment has ten terms, which can be rated on a scale of 1 to 5 to indicate the extent to which the respondent agrees that this applies to him. Persons are related to the composite questionnaire pdf downloads, and spanish version panas scales of brief questionnaire pdf file of mood and to. Scale swls and positive and negative affect schedule panas were used to assess swb. Odin group 2006 negative life events, social support and gender difference in depression. Jun 23, 2011 the i panas sf is composed of two tenitem mood scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 546, 1063. The scale is sensitive to momentary changes in affect when clients are directed to complete the form based on their affect at the present time and. Main positive psychological wellbeing construct measured. The panas c asks children to report on a 5point likert scale, from 1 very slightly or not at all, to 5 extremely how. The scale has been largely used in areas ranging from clinical to social psychology since its release in 1988 by watson, clark, and tellegen.
Fear, sadness,guilt, hostility, shyness, fatigue, surprise, joviality,selfassurance. Construct validity of the panas x fear subscale has been demonstrated. The measure has been used mainly as a research tool in group studies, but can be utilized within clinical and nonclinical populations as well. Used as a psychometric scale, the panas can show relations between positive and negative affect with personality stats and traits. In case you would like to resize your pdf documents locally, download pdfresize, install it then open programsneeviapdf and run pdfresize. Development and validation of an internationally reliable. Positive and negative affect schedule panas statistics. Psychometric evaluation of a hindi version of positive. The shortform panas comprises 10items thompson 2007.
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